Figment testing device



-2 sheets-sheep 1 P. A. THOMASSET- vPIGwuzNT TESTING DEVICE Filed March 2, 1939 hij;

ATTORNEY.

Oct. 28, 1941. P. A. THoMAssT PIGMENT TESTING DEVICE Filed March 2, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. ,04M ,4. /fa/wfff ATTORNEY.

- mulling operation.

Patented Oct. 28, 1,941

i rrGMEN'r 'rEs'rmG DEVICE Paul A.I Thomasset, St. George, Staten Island, N. Y., assignor to Ansbacher Siegle Corporation, Brooklyn, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application March 2, 1939, serial No. 259,491

s claims. v(ci. :z3- 22) This invention relates -to the testing of pigments and is particularly concerned with the problem of mixing and grinding small quantities of pigments and oils in order toA produce smooth and uniformly blended pastes which can be tested and compared with a standard pigment. By this means the properties of mass color (sometimes called self color or overtone), tintin'g strength,

hiding power, etc., may be accurately determined and the pigment compared with established' standards. This testing .procedure is of great importance to the manufacturer and sometimes the usersI of pigments. However, it has heretofore been difficult to obtain a uniform mixture of oiland pigment in the case of each sample tested. That is, although a given sample may be mixed and ground and g'ive what appears to b e a complete and proper blend, another portion of the same sample when mixed a second time does not always give the same appearance and qualities obtained l sure. between the is uniform and can be in the case of the first. This is because of a difference in the amount of work performed in themixing and grinding of each sample, the amount.

of pressure used during the operation and the time during which each sample was subjected the mixing treatment.

ing operation. This consists of a pestle-shaped come swept over to the edges of the grinding plate and', therefore. the full quantity of material does not receive a uniform grinding action. Due to this unknown factor, tests of separate samples of material are not comparable. Furthermore,

ldue to its design, this type of machine cannot exert sufficient pressure to mixtures of relatively -heavy consistency, and in such cases the result of mixing is unsatisfactory. f

I have deviseda machine that overcomes the disadvantages of the vprior art. This comprises briey a pair of disks, one xed and the other rotating-about a xed axis in a horizontal plane,

between which a test sample of pigment may be uniformly rubbed. I provide ladjustable means for regulating the pressure between theA disks,

under which pressure the oil and pigment quickly covering only a portion of the disks, obviating the disadvantage of having excess material accumulate around 'the edges thereof. The presreproducedexactly at all'times so that a given material' is always ground under the same pressure. 1 have also -providedfmeans by which the disks may be easily separated without moving the driving motor, and held apart la'.- suilicient disy tance so that access to eachi is readily ob` glass member which rubs the ingredients on aground `glass plate. It is very difficult to insurev that the operator will perform the proper number of mulls to blend the ingredients and bring.

out the toneof the color to be tested, and to insure that each test is carried out with the same amount of pressure and for the same length of time.

The use of a roll mill similar to an ink grinding machine 'has been suggested to overcome these difficulties. rollers revolving in opposite directions at di!- ferential speeds which exertashearingactionon the particles somewhat analogous to the hand Mulling by this means requires a considerable quantity of material which is not always available, and in addition the adjustment of the mill depends a great deal on the This consists of three cylindricalskill of the operator which varies with different operators. The slightest change in clearance lietween rollers results the product.

Iin a considerable change inf the threaded portion -Ii v'otshaft it; The -disk Il is rotatable by means o f the instrumentalities Mmnng machines provided with alsnau disk rotating in a circular path around a plate have also been tried in an endeavor satisfactorily to A solve the problem of proper mixing for testing.

Thistype of machine, however, is objectionable in although the pressure exerted on the plate is tainable. A l

Details of the invention will more clearly appear when reference is had tothe accompanying drawings in which Fig.' 1 .is a planview of my novel mulling apparatus; 2 is a side elevation thereof; Fig.' 3 is a' fragmentary view showing portions. of Fig'. 2 partly inelevation and partly in section, the sections being takenalong the line form of the operating disks.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the device may satisfactorily comprise a base l0 on which is mounted a gear-head motor ii having a worm l2, worm wheel Il and counter shaft I4, on which latter a rotatable metal disk il is secured'as by threads il. For locking the diskfonvth'e shaft and rel leasing it therefrom, a lock arm Il is screwed on show-n and grinds andl mix'es a pigmentjand oil .sample placed thereon by rubbing the same between it and metal bdisk ll which is xed.f Betweendisksllandlliinditexpedientiointerposeaglassdisk-Ilwhiehmaybeailixedto eithermetaldisk. A 'sshowmglassdisk Il is nxed in suitable manner .to tbe'upper or'stationary disk I8 which is held in spaced relation to pedestal 40 through the instrumentalities now to be described.

Disk I8 is mounted on stub shaft 20, as by screw threads, and is locked in place by a lock arm 22 also threaded to the shaft 20. Stub shaft is integrally formed with a yoke 23 suspended on pin 24 which extends through the ears 25 of the yoke and an opening drilled through lever 26 which is provided with a handle 26e. The outer end of lever 26 is provided with an adjustable weight 21, and the inner end adjacent the handle is pivoted on pin 28 which extends through a boss 29 on lever 26. Pin 28 is journalled in the prongs 30 of forked member 3| and serves as a fulcrum for the lever 26.

This forked member 3l carries two prongs 36 that are connected together at their lower ends by cross bars 36 and 31. It is pivoted on the eccentric portions 32 and 33 of shaft 34. This shaft, shown in perspective in Fig. 6, is journalled in bearing 35 of pedestal 4D. The eccentric portions act as cams so that when shaft 34 is turned by the means hereinafter to be described, the member 3l rides up on the cams 32 and 33. This moves cross bars 36 and 31 away from and out of engagement with stops 38 and 39 of the pedestal, in the general direction of the arrows 4I shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 shows the starting position and Fig. 5 shows the forked member moved over by the cams as shaft 34 is turned so that the bar 31 clears stop 39.

Forked member 3| is mounted in place by positioning it astraddle bearing 35 and inserting shaft 34 so that it extends through the base portions of the prongs of the fork and the bearing 35. Member 33 which is in the form of an eccentric collar having the same eccentricity as cam 32, is slipped over the end of shaft 34 and xed in place by a spline 43 (see Figs. 4 and 5).

Shaft 34 is turned by a crank 44 having a collar 45 fixed to the cam portion 32 of shaft 34 as by set screw 46, the parts being adjusted so that theyl take an initial position as shown in full lines in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

The end of crank 44 carries a handle 41 having a pin 48 adapted to t in recess 49 of the near side prong 30. This construction is shown in detail in Fig. '1.

Fig. 8 shows a form of disk structure in which glass disk is affixed to the rotary disk 6l and the fixed disk 62 is slightly beveled at 63 in order to facilitate separation of the plates.

In operation the desired oil and'pigment sample is placed on the rotating plate l5 and the handle 26a of lever 26 and handle 41 of crank 44 are brought down from the dot and dash position shown in Fig. 3 to the full line position shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Pin 48 on handle 41 is moved from the fout to -the in position shown in Fig. 7 so that it enters recess 49 of prong 30. This locks the device in position, as forked member cannot move past stops 38 and 39. The weight 21 is then adjusted to exert the desired pressure on the fixed plate I8 through yoke 23 and stub shaft 20, the pin 28 serving as a fulcrum. The device is then set into operation, preferably by an automatic switch (not shown) operable as the device is locked, and the mixing and grinding of the sample begunl at a suitable speed, say R. P. M.

Suitable means (not shown) are provided to open the motor circuit when the required amount of work has been done on the sample batch. This may be accomplished by the use of a time switch which opens the circuit after a predetermined time has elapsed from the commencement of the operation.

In this way succeeding samples can be subjected to identical conditions of` pressure and time, lwith the result that the mixed batch is truly representative of the characteristics of the mixture with the elimination of variables that heretofore could not be avoided.

After the mixing is complete and the motor stopped, the operator grasps handle 41 Vwith his right hand, pulls out pin 48 and pushes crank 44 upward and backward toward the dot and dash position shown in Fig. 3. Then, he grasps handle 26B of lever 26 with his left hand and pushes the same toward the dot and dash line position shown for this member. As crank 44 turns, it turns shaft 34 in its bearing 35, the cam portions 32 and 33 thereby lifting forked member 3l upwardly and away from stops 38 and 39 as previously described until cross bars 31 and 38 can rotate clear of the stops on the upper part of the pedestal. When the crank 44 has been turned 180, the member 3| is turned approximately the cross bar 31 thereof coming to rest against stop 42 on pedestal 40. In this position the disks are readily accessible to the operator and may be cleaned, removed or substituted as desired.

What I claim is: y

l. A device for mixing pigments and oils into uniform samples comprising a rotatable disk, a stationary disk disposed thereon in a frame, and pressure means comprising a Weight adjustable on a lever so disposed in said frame as to press the stationary disk against the rotatable disk, and means comprising a shaft, cams on said shaft, and paired cranks pivoted on said cams adapted and arranged to bring said stationary disk into and out of operative position.

2. In a laboratory mulling device comprising an upper stationary disk and a lower rotatable disk having opposed smooth and flat surfaces, means for `applying and adjusting pressure to said stationary disk against said rotatable disk, said means comprising a shaft, cams on said shaft, and paired cranks pivoted on said cams, said means being adapted and arranged to move said stationa-ry disk into and out of operative position, and means associated with said cranks to lock said stationary disk and said cranks in operative position.

3. A laboratory device for mixing pigment samples for testing and comparison comprising a rotatable disk and a stationary disk having opposed smooth and flat surfaces, paired cranks pivoted on cams carried by a shaft and a lever fulcrumed on said paired cranks and adapted and arranged to apply pressure to said stationary diskfa weight disposed on said lever and adjustable thereon to vary the pressure of said stationary disk against said rotatable disk, said cam-bearing shaft and said paired cranks being adapted and arranged to bring said stationary disk into and out of operative position, and means acting through said crank structure and upon link elements connectingy said leverand` said shaft wherebysaid stationary disk and said lever lock in operative position.

PAUL A. THOMASSET. 

